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Cisco and IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)
The CIR is the committed information rate, by the service provider, in bits per second, at which data will be transferred. The service provider sends any data in excess of this rate if its network has capacity at that time.
Frame Relay uses Inverse ARP as a way to dynamically map a network layer address to a DLCI. With Inverse ARP, the router can discover the network address of a device associated with a VC.
Local Management Interface (LMI)is a signaling standard used between your router and the first Frame Relay switch it's connected to. It allows for passing information about the operation and status of the virtual circuit between the provider's network and the DTE (your router).
When the switch detects congestion in the Frame Relay network, it'll set the Backward Explicit Congestion Notification (BECN)bit in a Frame Relay frame that's destined for the source router. This notifies the router that congestion is ahead.